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---
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title: "Test post"
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date: 2019-05-11T14:19:21-04:00
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draft: false
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---
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Hello world
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This is a test
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{{<highlight python>}}
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for x in range(0, 1):
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print(x)
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{{</highlight>}}
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160
content/posts/ytdl_1.md
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160
content/posts/ytdl_1.md
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---
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title: "Automating Youtube Archival"
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date: 2019-05-11
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draft: false
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tags: ["youtube-dl", "automation"]
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---
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Google has been known to terminate entire Youtube channels without
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notice in the hope of staying advertiser friendly. **58 million "problematic" videos
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were deleted from the platform in Q3 2018** <sup>[1](#sources)</sup>.
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This week we are exploring various Youtube archival solutions that utilizes
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[youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/),
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a command-line program that extracts and downloads videos from web pages.
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{{< figure src="/ytdl/1.png" title="Channels removed, by removal reason">}}
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# Installation
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Install youtube-dl via pip to ensure that you have the latest version. Google often
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pushes updates that breaks youtube-dl so you always want to stay up to date. You
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might be able to install it via your distibution’s package manager but it’s often several
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versions behind.
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```
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pip install --upgrade youtube-dl
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youtube-dl --version
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```
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# Basic usage
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You can now use the youtube-dl command to download a single video, a playlist or a channel:
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```
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youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXXXXXXXXX
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youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/channel/XXXXXXXXXX
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```
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You can use the same command to download videos from various websites.Youtube-dl
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is also a Python library that you can use in scripts:
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{{<highlight python "linenos=table">}}
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#!/usr/bin/python
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import youtube_dl
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yt_dl = youtube_dl.YoutubeDL()
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yt_dl.download("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXXXXXXXXXXX")
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{{</highlight>}}
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## Command line arguments & Scripting
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This document is not a replacement for youtube-dl’s documentation, you can find the
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updated list of command line arguments on its [Github page](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/).
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Below is a bash script that will download everything specified in `list.txt`, a text file
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with a youtube channel or video on each line. The script will save the URLs of the videos
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in archive.txt as it downloads them to speed-up the subsequent executions.
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The `--write-info-json` and `--write-thumbnail` options ensures that we also download
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the video metadata such as the description and the title.
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{{<highlight Bash "linenos=table">}}
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youtube-dl -a list.txt -o '%(uploader)s/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s' \
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--write-thumbnail\
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-f "bestvideo[ext=webm]+bestaudio[ext=webm]/bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/bestvideo+bestaudio/best"\
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--write-info-json\
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--geo-bypass\
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--ignore-errors\
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--download-archive archive.txt
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{{</highlight>}}
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You can decide to run the script periodically or to schedule it with cron:
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```
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crontab -e
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```
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{{<highlight Bash>}}
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# Download new videos every 2 hours
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0 */2 * * *
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/mnt/Archive/Youtube/archive_yt.sh
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{{</highlight>}}
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## Live streams
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While a cron job will download all videos uploaded by a channel (if the uploader does
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not delete the video between executions), it does not handle live streams. Youtube-dl
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allows you to download live streams with the same command but you obviously have to
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start the execution during the stream.
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Below is a different approach that takes advantage of the Youtube email notification
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feature. This simple Python script reads your last 3 emails and searches for a youtube
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link in the email body. It will immediately start downloading the video using the youtube-dl
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Python library. You can use this method to download uploaded videos as well as live
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streams. If you are using a gmail account, you will need to genrate an [App Password](https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords)
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to allow the script to login.
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{{<highlight python "linenos=table">}}
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#!/usr/bin/python
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import imaplib
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import re
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import youtube_dl
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# Initalize the youtube-dl downloader, nooverwrites param will
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# skip videos that are already downloaded or
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# currently being downloaded
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yt_dl = youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(params={
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"nooverwrites": True,
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"nopart": True,
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"format": "bestvideo[ext=webm]+bestaudio[ext=webm]/bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/bestvideo+bestaudio/best"
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})
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# This regex pattern matches youtube video links
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YT_LINK = re.compile("Fv%3D([^%]*)%")
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mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
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mail.login("username@gmail.com", "password")
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mail.list()
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mail.select("INBOX")
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# Fetch the last 3 emails
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_, data = mail.search(None, "ALL")
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last_emails = list(reversed(data[0].split()))[:3]
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for num in last_emails:
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_, data = mail.fetch(num, "(RFC822)")
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body = data[0][1].decode()
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# Check for pattern match
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match = YT_LINK.search(body)
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if match:
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url = "https://youtube.com/watch?v=" + match.group(1)
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yt_dl.download([url, ]) # immediately download
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{{</highlight>}}
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## Automatically upload to rclone remote
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To take advantage of cloud storage, you can setup [ytdlrc](http://github.com/bardisty/ytdlrc) to automatically move
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videos to an rclone remote as they are downloaded. This simple script is completely interchangable with
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youtube-dl and can be setup on a machine with low disk space.
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The script uses your existing youtube-dl and rclone configuration and is ideal for
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setting up automatic Youtube archival on a cheap VPS.
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## Archiving Metadata
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If you wish to save a video’s metadata without downloading the actual video, there are command line utilities dedicated to this task.
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* [Youtube-MA](https://github.com/CorentinB/YouTube-MA)
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* [yt-mango](https://github.com/terorie/yt-mango)
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----
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# Sources
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* https://transparencyreport.google.com/youtube-policy/removals
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